크레이지J의 탐구생활

- 클라이언트 접속이 많은 경우, 부하 조정.  쓰레드 풀을 만들어 성능 관리. 동시 실행 쓰레드 수를 제한하여 시스템 과부하 방지.

- 쓰레드 생성 오버헤드 제거. 동시 접속자수 제한으로 서버 안정성 확보. 쓰레드 풀 크기 조정을 하여 성능 조정.

- ^C로 종료.

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#include <mutex>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <WS2tcpip.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <atomic>
#include <csignal>
#include <chrono>

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

#define SERVER_PORT 30000
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024

#define MAX_THREADS 5           // 최대 스레드 수; CPU 코어 수 만큼 설정
#define MAX_QUEUE_SIZE 500     // 최대 큐 크기. 대기 클라이언트 수 만큼 설정.
#define MAX_CONNECTIONS (MAX_QUEUE_SIZE+MAX_THREADS+10)   // 최대 연결 수

#define SOCKET_TIMEOUT 3000    // 소켓 connect 타임아웃 (밀리초)
#define IDLE_TIMEOUT 10000  // 클라이언트 유휴 타임아웃 (밀리초)


// 디버그 및 에러 로그 매크로 정의
static bool g_debug_mode = false;
static bool g_error_mode = false;
static bool g_info_mode = true;

#define DEBUG_LOG(msg) \
    if (g_debug_mode) { \
        std::stringstream ss; \
        ss << "[DEBUG] " << msg; \
        std::cout << ss.str() << std::endl; \
    }

#define ERROR_LOG(msg) \
    if (g_error_mode) { \
        std::stringstream ss; \
        ss << "[ERROR] " << msg; \
        std::cerr << ss.str() << std::endl; \
    }

#define INFO_LOG(msg) \
    if (g_info_mode) { \
        std::stringstream ss; \
        ss << "[INFO] " << msg; \
        std::cout << ss.str() << std::endl; \
    }

// 전역 변수
static std::atomic<size_t> g_total_requests{0};
static size_t g_last_printed_count{0};
static std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point g_last_print_time;
static SOCKET g_serverSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;

class ThreadPool {
public:
    std::atomic<size_t> current_connections{0};  // 현재 총 연결 수
    std::atomic<size_t> active_threads{0};       // 현재 작업 중인 스레드 수

    size_t GetQueueSize() {
        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(queue_mutex);
        return tasks.size();  // 대기 큐에 있는 클라이언트 수
    }

private:
    std::vector<std::thread> workers;
    std::queue<std::pair<SOCKET, sockaddr_in>> tasks;
    std::mutex queue_mutex;
    std::condition_variable condition;
    std::atomic<bool> stop{false};

    void HandleClient(SOCKET clientSocket, sockaddr_in clientAddr) {
        active_threads++;  // 작업 시작
        try {
            // 소켓 타임아웃 설정
            struct timeval timeout;
            timeout.tv_sec = IDLE_TIMEOUT / 1000;
            timeout.tv_usec = (IDLE_TIMEOUT % 1000) * 1000;
            
            if (setsockopt(clientSocket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, (char*)&timeout, sizeof(timeout)) < 0) {
                ERROR_LOG("Failed to set receive timeout");
            }
            if (setsockopt(clientSocket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, (char*)&timeout, sizeof(timeout)) < 0) {
                ERROR_LOG("Failed to set send timeout");
            }

            char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
            char clientIP[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
            inet_ntop(AF_INET, &clientAddr.sin_addr, clientIP, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);
            
            DEBUG_LOG("Client connected - IP: " << clientIP 
                      << ", Port: " << ntohs(clientAddr.sin_port));

            int bytesReceived = recv(clientSocket, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 0);
            if (bytesReceived == SOCKET_ERROR) {
                if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAETIMEDOUT) {
                    ERROR_LOG("Client " << clientIP << " timed out");
                } else {
                    ERROR_LOG("Receive error from " << clientIP);
                }
            } else if (bytesReceived > 0) {
                buffer[bytesReceived] = '\0';
                DEBUG_LOG("Received from " << clientIP << ": " << buffer);

                // 요청 처리 카운터 증가
                g_total_requests.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);

                std::string response;
                if (strcmp(buffer, "sysinfo") == 0) {
                    SYSTEM_INFO sysInfo;
                    GetSystemInfo(&sysInfo);
                    response = "Processor count: " + std::to_string(sysInfo.dwNumberOfProcessors);
                }
                else if (strcmp(buffer, "netinfo") == 0) {
                    char hostname[256];
                    gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname));
                    response = "Hostname: " + std::string(hostname);
                }
                else if (strcmp(buffer, "diskinfo") == 0) {
                    DWORD sectorsPerCluster, bytesPerSector, freeClusters, totalClusters;
                    GetDiskFreeSpace(NULL, &sectorsPerCluster, &bytesPerSector, 
                                    &freeClusters, &totalClusters);
                    response = "Disk total space: " + 
                              std::to_string((double)totalClusters * sectorsPerCluster * 
                                           bytesPerSector / (1024 * 1024 * 1024)) + " GB";
                }
                else {
                    response = "Unknown command";
                }

                send(clientSocket, response.c_str(), response.length(), 0);
            }

            DEBUG_LOG("Client disconnected - IP: " << clientIP);
        } catch (const std::exception& e) {
            ERROR_LOG("Exception in HandleClient: " << e.what());
        }
        
        closesocket(clientSocket);
        current_connections--;
        active_threads--;  // 작업 완료
    }

public:
    ~ThreadPool() {
        Shutdown();
    }

    void Shutdown() {
        DEBUG_LOG("ThreadPool shutdown initiated");
        
        stop = true;
        condition.notify_all();

        // 스레드 종료 대기 시작 시간 기록
        auto start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
        bool timeout = false;

        // worker 스레드들의 종료를 기다림
        for (std::thread& worker : workers) {
            if (worker.joinable()) {
                try {
                    // 현재 경과 시간 체크
                    auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
                    auto elapsed = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(now - start).count();
                    if (elapsed >= 3) {  // 3초 초과
                        timeout = true;
                        break;
                    }

                    // 남은 시간만큼만 대기
                    worker.join();
                } catch (const std::exception& e) {
                    ERROR_LOG("Thread join error: " << e.what());
                }
            }
        }

        if (timeout) {
            ERROR_LOG("Thread shutdown timeout - forcing termination");
            // 남은 스레드들을 강제 분리
            for (std::thread& worker : workers) {
                if (worker.joinable()) {
                    worker.detach();
                }
            }
        }
        // 남은 작업들의 소켓을 정리
        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(queue_mutex);
        while (!tasks.empty()) {
            auto& task = tasks.front();
            closesocket(task.first);
            tasks.pop();
        }
        current_connections = 0;
        DEBUG_LOG("ThreadPool shutdown completed");
    }

    // worker 스레드 로직 수정
    ThreadPool() {
        for (int i = 0; i < MAX_THREADS; ++i) {
            workers.emplace_back([this] {
                while (true) {
                    std::pair<SOCKET, sockaddr_in> task;
                    {
                        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(queue_mutex);
                        condition.wait(lock, [this] { 
                            return stop || !tasks.empty(); 
                        });
                        
                        if (stop && tasks.empty()) {
                            DEBUG_LOG("Worker thread exiting");
                            return;
                        }
                        
                        if (!tasks.empty()) {
                            task = std::move(tasks.front());
                            tasks.pop();
                        }
                    }
                    
                    if (task.first != INVALID_SOCKET) {
                        HandleClient(task.first, task.second);
                    }
                }
            });
        }
    }

    bool EnqueueClient(SOCKET clientSocket, sockaddr_in clientAddr) {
        if (current_connections >= MAX_CONNECTIONS) {
            ERROR_LOG("Maximum connections reached");
            closesocket(clientSocket);
            return false;
        }
        current_connections++;

        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(queue_mutex);
        
        if (tasks.size() >= MAX_QUEUE_SIZE) {
            char clientIP[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
            inet_ntop(AF_INET, &clientAddr.sin_addr, clientIP, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);
            ERROR_LOG("Queue is full. Connection rejected from " << clientIP 
                     << ":" << ntohs(clientAddr.sin_port));
            closesocket(clientSocket);
            current_connections--;  // 연결 거부 시 카운터 감소
            return false;
        }

        tasks.push({clientSocket, clientAddr});
        lock.unlock();
        condition.notify_one();
        return true;
    }
};


// ThreadPool 클래스 전방 선언
class ThreadPool;
static ThreadPool* g_threadPool = nullptr;
static std::atomic<bool> g_running{true};

// 모니터링 함수
void MonitorRequests() {
    while (true) {
        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(5));
        
        if (g_threadPool != nullptr) {
            size_t current_count = g_total_requests.load();
            size_t current_conns = g_threadPool->current_connections.load();
            size_t active_threads = g_threadPool->active_threads.load();
            size_t waiting_clients = g_threadPool->GetQueueSize();

            INFO_LOG("Server Status:"
                    "\n    Total requests processed: " << current_count <<
                    "\n    Current connections: " << current_conns <<
                    "\n    Active threads: " << active_threads << "/" << MAX_THREADS <<
                    "\n    Waiting clients: " << waiting_clients);
        }
    }
}



void SignalHandler(int signal) {
    static std::atomic<bool> shutting_down{false};
    if (shutting_down.exchange(true)) {
        return;
    }
    INFO_LOG("Signal " << signal << " received. Shutting down...");
    g_running = false;
    try {
        if (g_threadPool) {
            g_threadPool->Shutdown();
            // delete g_threadPool;
            g_threadPool = nullptr;
        }
    } catch (const std::exception& e) {
        ERROR_LOG("Exception in SignalHandler: " << e.what());
    }

    if (g_serverSocket != INVALID_SOCKET) {
        closesocket(g_serverSocket);
        g_serverSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;
    }

    WSACleanup();
    std::exit(0);
}

void GracefulShutdown() {
    INFO_LOG("Initiating graceful shutdown");
    g_running = false;
    
    // 새로운 연결 거부
    if (g_serverSocket != INVALID_SOCKET) {
        shutdown(g_serverSocket, SD_BOTH);
        closesocket(g_serverSocket);
    }
}

int main() {
    signal(SIGINT, SignalHandler);
    signal(SIGTERM, SignalHandler);
    // 디버그 모드 설정 (환경변수나 커맨드 라인 인자로도 설정 가능)
    g_debug_mode = false;  // 또는 true

    WSADATA wsaData;
    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) != 0) {
        ERROR_LOG("WSAStartup failed");
        return 1;
    }

    SOCKET serverSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    g_serverSocket = serverSocket;  // 전역 변수에 저장

    int reuseAddr = 1; // 소켓 재사용 허용
    setsockopt(serverSocket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 
               (const char*)&reuseAddr, sizeof(reuseAddr));

    struct linger lin;
    lin.l_onoff = 1;
    lin.l_linger = 0;  // 즉시 종료, TIME_WAIT 상태 방지
    setsockopt(serverSocket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_LINGER, 
               (const char*)&lin, sizeof(lin));

    sockaddr_in serverAddr;
    serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serverAddr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);
    serverAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;

    if (bind(serverSocket, (sockaddr*)&serverAddr, sizeof(serverAddr)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        ERROR_LOG("Bind failed");
        closesocket(serverSocket);
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    if (listen(serverSocket, SOMAXCONN) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        ERROR_LOG("Listen failed");
        closesocket(serverSocket);
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    // 타임아웃 설정
    struct timeval timeout;
    timeout.tv_sec = SOCKET_TIMEOUT / 1000;  // 초 단위
    timeout.tv_usec = (SOCKET_TIMEOUT % 1000) * 1000;  // 마이크로초 단위
    setsockopt(serverSocket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, (char*)&timeout, sizeof(timeout));
    setsockopt(serverSocket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, (char*)&timeout, sizeof(timeout));

    // 모니터링 스레드 시작
    g_last_print_time = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
    std::thread monitor_thread(MonitorRequests);
    monitor_thread.detach();  // 메인 스레드와 분리

    INFO_LOG("Server started on port " << SERVER_PORT);

    ThreadPool pool;
    g_threadPool = &pool;  // 전역 변수에 저장

    while (g_running) {
        sockaddr_in clientAddr;
        int clientAddrSize = sizeof(clientAddr);
        SOCKET clientSocket = accept(serverSocket, (sockaddr*)&clientAddr, &clientAddrSize);
        
        if (clientSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) {
            if (!g_running) break;  // 정상적인 종료 상황
            ERROR_LOG("Accept failed");
            continue;
        }

        if (!pool.EnqueueClient(clientSocket, clientAddr)) {
            char clientIP[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
            inet_ntop(AF_INET, &clientAddr.sin_addr, clientIP, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);
            ERROR_LOG("Connection rejected from " << clientIP 
                     << ":" << ntohs(clientAddr.sin_port));
        }
    }
    INFO_LOG("Server end.");
    // 정상 종료 처리
    closesocket(serverSocket);
    WSACleanup();
    return 0;
}